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Medieval Philosophy and Theology: A Study of the Art of Reasoning
How medieval thinkers related faith and reason, and how theologians borrowed Greek and Arabic philosophy to explain, defend and examine Christian belief.
Faith and Health
Philosophy and Theology
How medieval thinkers joined faith and reason.
Medieval Philosophy: A Study of the Art of Reasoning
How the scholastic method worked: questions, objections and replies, how students learned logic, and how formal debate shaped medieval university teaching.
Medieval Philosophy: The Works of Duns Scotus
An accessible introduction to Duns Scotus, the Franciscan thinker, and his ideas on individuality, the freedom of the will and how we can speak about God.
Medieval Philosophy: The Works of Thomas Aquinas
An introduction to Thomas Aquinas, how he read Aristotle, and the structure and aims of the Summa Theologiae, his best-known and unfinished work.
The Medieval Concept of Reason: A Philosophical Debate
How medieval thinkers understood reason as a tool of logic and argument, what they trusted it to do, and where they disagreed about its limits.
The Medieval Concept of the Holy Trinity
A plain overview of the Trinity as medieval theologians taught it, from the early creeds and the Filioque dispute to scholastic analogies and religious art.
The Medieval Concept of the Immaculate Conception
The medieval debate over whether Mary was conceived free of original sin, who argued each side, and what the church had and had not decided by 1500.
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Monasteries and Orders Monks, monasteries and the military religious orders. Medicine and Healing Doctors, herbs, theories and beliefs about illness and magic. The Black Death The plague of the 1300s and its effects on society. Inquisition and Heresy How medieval church courts pursued heresy, and what the records really show. Saints and Mystics Holy men and women, visionaries and a martyr. Theologians and Reformers Thinkers who shaped and challenged Church teaching. The Church and Its Power How the medieval church was organized and how it used its influence. Afterlife and Purgatory What people believed about death, heaven, hell and purgatory. Sin, Salvation and Virtue Medieval ideas about sin, salvation, providence and the virtues. Jews in Medieval Europe Jewish communities, scholarship, restrictions and expulsions. Pilgrimage, Relics and Shrines Holy journeys, saints bones and the shrines that drew travelers.